There is a big difference between how adults and children learn and how information is processed. Andragogy is the art and science of how adults learn. Malcolm Knowles was an educational scholar that researched and wrote books on how adults learn and process information. Knowles came to the conclusion that there are four basic assumptions of adult learning. Knowles also stated that adults are self-directed learners.Knowles advised, we should assume that adults have a psychological need to be self-directing. Also, adults bring experiences that can contribute to the learning process. Also, adults are motivated to learn by the need to solve real life-problems. Most of the time, these problems are related to adult developmental tasks. Next, adults are also performance centered. When they learn something, they want to use that knowledge immediately.Self-directed learners are motivated to learn. Motivation could be the need to improve ones self-esteem. It could be the desire to achieve or the need to grow. Also, the motivation could be satisfaction of accomplishment, the need to know something specific or curiosity.Self-directing learning occurs more among adult learners. This is because they have experience and life many times have motivated them to learn. They have something to contribute to the learning process. Adult learners often have the ability to set goals. Also, they are goal oriented and mature enough to handle problem solving.However, self-directed learners and adults should strive to acquire a mature understanding of who they are in life. They should understand their needs, interests, capacities, and goals. Also, adults should develop an attitude of acceptance, love, and respect toward others. Furthermore, self-directed learners should develop a dynamic attitude toward life.Adults will always be engaged in some form of self-directed learning. A large percentage of our learning is informal learning. Many times informal learning occurs just through living, events and experiences. Examples of this would be a person learning how to do plumbing around the house or work on his or her car. Even raising a child or caring for a home is self-directed learning. Also, we are required to be involved in self-directed learning just to improve ourselves on the job. Because things in society change at such a rapid pace and man is always seeking personal growth, self-directed learning will always be concept we study and ponder over.
Category Archives: Uncategorized
10 Misconceptions About Gifted Adults
Gifted adults are largely invisible. One of the reasons very few apply the term to themselves is due to the misconceptions about giftedness – in adulthood as well as childhood. Many adults who have been part of the gifted community, either as children or as parents, still do not acknowledge themselves as gifted. Adults who were identified as gifted children were often not provided information about what it means to be gifted and, as a result, think they have outgrown their ‘giftedness’. For a variety of reasons, parents of gifted children also often fail to identify their own giftedness. Of course, there are many gifted adults not affiliated with the gifted education system in anyway- adults who simply feel out of step and don’t know why but would never consider themselves gifted because of the misconceptions as to what a gifted adult is.The misconceptions of being a gifted adult fall into two categories: superstar overachiever or incompetent misfit. The reality is more subtle than either of these stereotypes suggests. While some gifted adults struggle and some achieve extraordinary things, most gifted adults are somewhere in the middle. 10 Misconceptions about Gifted Adults All gifted people:Are ‘nerds’
Are socially inept
Were exceptional students
Have attained a high level of formal education
Are ‘book smart’
Physically awkward
Excel at everything uniformly; have evenly distributed abilities
Have exceptional careers
Are able to ‘get ahead’ because of their intelligence
Cannot be successful with practical things because they’re ‘too intelligent’A gifted adult may or may not conform to a stereotypes but neither stereotype explains or defines what being a gifted adult is. If you have rejected the idea you are a gifted adult based on any of the misconceptions above, I encourage you to reconsider but this time based on information, not popular misconceptions.
How To Study As An Adult Learner – Part 1 Of 4
With the fast changing pace of the knowledge economy it has become a crucial factor to upgrade and update your academic qualification.Nowadays there are many credible private institutions that offer academic courses that are tailored to meet the demands of the various industries. These courses are specially structured to keep the adult learner in mind and range from professional certificates to doctoral programs. Many of these courses are challenging and demands from the adult learner time, effort and lots of concentration.However if you are a working adult you will find it a tremendous challenge balancing academic advancement on the one hand and managing your career and family life on the other. Malcolm Knowles (1978) an advocate of the concept of androgogy (adult learning) describes adult learners as a ‘neglected species’. This is indeed an astute observation and true in principle. Although there are many well researched books on helping children cope with their studies, this is a far cry when it comes to adult learners. It is assumed most of the time that adult learners will find it easier to learn because they are adults and thus better placed to cope with their academic studies. This consensus is indeed a fallacy as adults perhaps more than children require assistance in coping with their studies.Having had the experience of lecturing primarily adult learners for the past 17 years, I’ve come to observe that many adult learners have real difficulties in effectively coping with the progressively increasing demands of the academic studies especially when they have to juggle their academic advancement with their other obligations. Worst are some students who end up having to leave their career just so that they can complete their studies without distraction and at the same time being uncertain as to whether they’ve made the right move. I’ve even had cases where the pursuit of academic studies has ended in divorce as the spouse of the adult learner feels unable to cope with his/her other half having to go through the turmoil of balancing family relationship with studies.If you are an adult learner it is important to understand that the way you perceive and process information is very different from that of a child. Another advocate of adult learner theory, David Kolb (1984) suggested that all learning is fundamentally ‘re-learning’. Adult education is very much in tune with this observation. As adults we already have a body of knowledge that has been gained through our education system, career and personal experiences. Sometimes these experiences disrupt the pursuit of new knowledge as we might be entrenched in our own paradigm and ways of thinking. It is not an easy process to break away from this pre-existing paradigm and learn something new. To do so would require a shift in the paradigm and this would entail a better understanding of how we absorb information as adult learners.In comparison, children have to be directed to the learning process and they absorb information differently than adults. Adults have to be self-directed in their learning process. Unlike the child where the teacher has to ‘teach’ the child on the fundamentals of their studies, adult learners have to be self-driven and self-motivated to ‘learn’ what is imparted to them by their lecturers. Also adults learn best when the information they gather are inherently useful to their everyday life. This is where the challenge lies. Sometimes the adult learner is unable to relate the concepts taught to their everyday life as they are trying to remember chunks and chunks of information without attempting to make a co-relation of the theoretical concepts to practical purpose. When this happen de-motivation sets in and leads to loss of interest in the studies.In my experience I’ve come to notice that only those adult learners who are mentally and emotionally prepared to take on the onslaught of academic advancement are the ones that eventually succeed. This is easier said than done. Balancing varying responsibilities is never an easy thing. However, if you are an adult learner and you have invested money in upgrading your education, you will have to apply a few learning strategies that will help you see through your studies successfully.Success in your studies is all a matter of creating the right physical and mental atmosphere that allows you to stay on top of your career your family and naturally your studies.In the next segment I will share with you some of the strategies that you need to adopt as an adult learner to ensure success in your studies.